/**
 * SIMD-accelerated Set
 * Copyright: © 2015 Economic Modeling Specialists, Intl.
 * Authors: Brian Schott
 * License: $(LINK2 http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt Boost License 1.0)
 */
module containers.simdset;

private import std.experimental.allocator.mallocator : Mallocator;

/**
 * Set implementation that is well suited for small sets and simple items.
 *
 * Uses SSE instructions to compare multiple elements simultaneously, but has
 * linear time complexity.
 *
 * Note: Only works on x86_64. Does NOT add GC ranges. Do not store pointers in
 * this container unless they are also stored somewhere else.
 *
 * Params:
 *     T = the element type
 *     Allocator = the allocator to use. Defaults to `Mallocator`.
 */
version (D_InlineAsm_X86_64) struct SimdSet(T, Allocator = Mallocator)
	if (T.sizeof == 1 || T.sizeof == 2 || T.sizeof == 4 || T.sizeof == 8)
{
	this(this) @disable;

	private import std.experimental.allocator.common : stateSize;

	static if (stateSize!Allocator != 0)
	{
		/// No default construction if an allocator must be provided.
		this() @disable;

		/**
		 * Use the given `allocator` for allocations.
		 */
		this(Allocator allocator)
		in
		{
			assert(allocator !is null, "Allocator must not be null");
		}
		do
		{
			this.allocator = allocator;
		}
	}

	~this()
	{
		scope (failure) assert(false, "SimdSet destructor threw an exception");
		clear();
	}

	void clear()
	{
		allocator.deallocate(cast(void[]) storage);
		_length = 0;
		storage = [];
	}

	/**
	 * Params:
	 *     item = the item to check
	 * Returns:
	 *     true if the set contains the given item
	 */
	bool contains(T item) const pure nothrow @nogc @trusted
	{
		if (_length == 0)
			return false;
		bool retVal;
		immutable remainder = _length % (16 / T.sizeof);
		ushort mask = remainder == 0 ? 0xffff : (1 << (remainder * T.sizeof)) - 1;
		//ushort resultMask;
		ulong ptrStart = cast(ulong) storage.ptr;
		ulong ptrEnd = ptrStart + storage.length * T.sizeof;
		static if (T.sizeof == 1)
			ulong needle = (cast(ubyte) item) * 0x01010101_01010101;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 2)
			ulong needle = (cast(ushort) item) * 0x00010001_00010001;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 4)
			ulong needle = (cast(ulong) item) * 0x00000001_00000001;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 8)
			ulong needle = cast(ulong) item;
		else
			static assert(false);
		mixin(asmSearch());
	end:
		return retVal;
	}

	/// ditto
	bool opBinaryRight(string op)(T item) const pure nothrow @nogc @safe if (op == "in")
	{
		return contains(item);
	}

	/**
	 * Inserts the given item into the set.
	 *
	 * Params:
	 *     item = the item to insert
	 * Returns:
	 *     true if the item was inserted or false if it was already present
	 */
	bool insert(T item)
	{
		if (contains(item))
			return false;
		if (storage.length > _length)
			storage[_length] = item;
		else
		{
			immutable size_t cl = (storage.length * T.sizeof);
			immutable size_t nl = cl + 16;
			void[] a = cast(void[]) storage;
			allocator.reallocate(a, nl);
			storage = cast(typeof(storage)) a;
			storage[_length] = item;
		}
		_length++;
		return true;
	}

	/// ditto
	bool opOpAssign(string op)(T item) if (op == "~")
	{
		return insert(item);
	}

	/// ditto
	alias insertAnywhere = insert;

	/// ditto
	alias put = insert;

	/**
	 * Removes the given item from the set.
	 *
	 * Params:
	 *     item = the time to remove
	 * Returns:
	 *     true if the item was removed, false if it was not present
	 */
	bool remove(T item)
	{
		import std.algorithm : countUntil;

		// TODO: Make this more efficient

		ptrdiff_t begin = countUntil(storage, item);
		if (begin == -1)
			return false;
		foreach (i; begin .. _length - 1)
			storage[i] = storage[i + 1];
		_length--;
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Slice operator
	 */
	auto opSlice(this This)()
	{
		import containers.internal.element_type : ContainerElementType;
		return cast(ContainerElementType!(This, T)[]) storage[0 .. _length];
	}

	/**
	 * Returns:
	 *     the number of items in the set
	 */
	size_t length() const pure nothrow @nogc @property
	{
		return _length;
	}

	invariant
	{
		assert((storage.length * T.sizeof) % 16 == 0, "Bad storage length");
	}

private:

	import containers.internal.storage_type : ContainerStorageType;
	private import containers.internal.mixins : AllocatorState;

	static string asmSearch()
	{
		import std.string : format;

		static if (T.sizeof == 1)
			enum instruction = `pcmpeqb`;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 2)
			enum instruction = `pcmpeqw`;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 4)
			enum instruction = `pcmpeqd`;
		else static if (T.sizeof == 8)
			enum instruction = `pcmpeqq`;
		else
			static assert(false);

		static if (__VERSION__ >= 2067)
			string s = `asm pure nothrow @nogc`;
		else
			string s = `asm`;

		return s ~ `
		{
			mov R8, ptrStart;
			mov R9, ptrEnd;
			sub R8, 16;
			sub R9, 16;
			movq XMM0, needle;
			shufpd XMM0, XMM0, 0;
		loop:
			add R8, 16;
			movdqu XMM1, [R8];
			%s XMM1, XMM0;
			pmovmskb RAX, XMM1;
			//mov resultMask, AX;
			mov BX, AX;
			and BX, mask;
			cmp R8, R9;
			cmove AX, BX;
			popcnt AX, AX;
			test AX, AX;
			jnz found;
			cmp R8, R9;
			jl loop;
			mov retVal, 0;
			jmp end;
		found:
			mov retVal, 1;
			jmp end;
		}`.format(instruction);
	}

	mixin AllocatorState!Allocator;
	ContainerStorageType!(T)[] storage;
	size_t _length;
}

///
version (D_InlineAsm_X86_64) version(emsi_containers_unittest) unittest
{
	import std.string : format;

	void testSimdSet(T)()
	{
		SimdSet!T set;
		assert(set.insert(1));
		assert(set.length == 1);
		assert(set.contains(1));
		assert(!set.insert(1));
		set.insert(0);
		set.insert(20);
		assert(set.contains(1));
		assert(set.contains(0));
		assert(!set.contains(10));
		assert(!set.contains(50));
		assert(set.contains(20));
		foreach (T i; 28 .. 127)
			set.insert(i);
		foreach (T i; 28 .. 127)
			assert(set.contains(i), "%d".format(i));
		foreach (T i; 28 .. 127)
			assert(set.remove(i));
		assert(set.length == 3, "%d".format(set.length));
		assert(set.contains(0));
		assert(set.contains(1));
		assert(set.contains(20));
		assert(!set.contains(28));
	}

	testSimdSet!ubyte();
	testSimdSet!ushort();
	testSimdSet!uint();
	testSimdSet!ulong();
	testSimdSet!byte();
	testSimdSet!short();
	testSimdSet!int();
	testSimdSet!long();
}

version (D_InlineAsm_X86_64) struct SimdSet(T) if (!(T.sizeof == 1
	|| T.sizeof == 2 || T.sizeof == 4 || T.sizeof == 8))
{
	import std.string : format;
	static assert (false, ("Cannot instantiate SimdSet of type %s because its size "
		~ "(%d) does not fit evenly into XMM registers.").format(T.stringof, T.sizeof));
}